Is oxidation limited to reactions involving only metals?

Oxidation refers to a chemical reaction in which a substance loses electrons, resulting in an increase in oxidation state. This process is not limited to reactions involving only metals. While metals often undergo oxidation—such as in rusting where iron is oxidized by oxygen—oxidation can also occur with nonmetals and metalloids.

For example, in organic chemistry, the oxidation of hydrocarbons involves elements like carbon and oxygen, not just metals. Additionally, in biological systems, cellular respiration processes involve the oxidation of glucose, which happens without any involvement of metals at the core.

Therefore, recognizing that oxidation encompasses a wider range of reactions involving various types of elements helps to clarify why the assertion that oxidation is limited to metals is incorrect. Oxidation is a fundamental concept in chemistry that applies broadly across different types of substances, including gases, organic compounds, and other non-metallic materials. This nuanced understanding is crucial for anyone studying chemistry or related fields, such as water quality management and treatment.