Which microorganism is identified as a common indicator of fecal contamination in water?

E. coli is widely recognized as a primary indicator of fecal contamination in water. It is a type of bacteria commonly found in the intestines of warm-blooded animals, including humans. When water sources are tested for E. coli, the presence of this microorganism indicates that fecal material has entered the water system, which raises concerns about the potential presence of pathogenic microorganisms that can pose health risks.

The significance of using E. coli as an indicator stems from its association with sewage and waste, making it a reliable sign of contamination. Unlike some pathogens that might be present in lower numbers or are more difficult to detect, E. coli is typically abundant and easier to isolate and identify in laboratory settings. This makes it a useful proxy for assessing overall water quality and the likelihood of harmful microorganisms being present. Detecting E. coli in water can trigger immediate investigation and remediation actions to ensure safety for human consumption and recreational use.