Which substances are typically measured to evaluate the quality of water?

The evaluation of water quality involves measuring various substances that can indicate its safety and suitability for various uses including drinking, recreational activities, and ecosystem health. The correct choice highlights several critical parameters that are commonly used in assessing water quality.

Bacteria are a key indicator of biological contamination and can signify the presence of pathogens that pose health risks. Nitrates are important to monitor because they can result from agricultural runoff and indicate potential eutrophication in water bodies. Turbidity measures the clarity of water, which is affected by suspended particles and can influence the ecosystem's health and usability for drinking. pH level is essential in determining the acidity or alkalinity of water, which affects chemical reactions and the biological availability of nutrients. Heavy metals are significant pollutants that can have serious health effects and are often linked to industrial activities.

Together, these measurements provide a comprehensive understanding of water quality, helping to identify potential contaminants and protect public health and the environment.